Insulin

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Diabetes mortality indicates the relative clinical recognition and recorded death rates prior to the widespread availability of insulin.

Early medical practitioners, lacking modern pharmacological interventions such as exogenous insulin, relied strictly on severe dietary modifications to manage the rising tide of diabetic pathology.

In the early twentieth century, clinicians such as Frederick Allen and Elliott Joslin instituted draconian starvation therapies, utilizing severe caloric and carbohydrate restriction to clear glucosuria and prolong the lives of diabetics just prior to the revolutionary discovery of insulin by Banting and Best at the University of Toronto in 1921.